Operations Guide

How to Underwrite More Deals Without Hiring More Analysts

Most acquisition teams screen only 30 to 40 percent of their inbound deal flow. The rest gets triaged without full evaluation. Here is how to fix that without adding headcount.

12 min read
Updated Feb 2026
5 approaches compared

Quick Answer

The most effective way to increase your underwriting capacity without adding headcount is to eliminate the data entry bottleneck. Most acquisition teams spend 60 to 70 percent of their underwriting time on manual data extraction (typing rent rolls, T12s, and OMs into Excel), leaving only 30 to 40 percent for actual analysis. Automating the extraction layer lets your existing team evaluate 2 to 3 times more deals using the same judgment and process.

The CRE underwriting capacity problem

Most acquisition teams screen only 30 to 40 percent of their inbound deal flow. The other 60 to 70 percent gets triaged based on headline numbers, location, or gut feel. Not because the team lacks judgment, but because there is no time to open every OM and build a model.

The math is straightforward. A typical analyst can fully underwrite 15 to 20 deals per month. If your team receives 40 to 60 OMs per month, only half get a serious look. The rest are killed without full evaluation. As one multifamily acquisitions principal put it: "There are a lot of times where a deal is marginal, and we don't bring it upstream because it's a lot of effort."

The hidden cost is not the time wasted on deals you did evaluate. It is the deals you never opened. What if your best acquisition this year is sitting in the pile that never got underwritten? According to McKinsey's research on CRE operations, top-quartile acquisition teams differentiate on deal selection quality, not deal volume. They close the same number of deals, but from a larger evaluated pipeline.

The aspiration gap

10-20
deals per month, typical analyst workload (manual process)
40-60
deals per month, what teams want to evaluate for full pipeline coverage

One self-storage acquisitions director described the gap clearly: "20 to 50 deals a month would be my ideal flow." He was doing 10 to 20. Not because of capital constraints or market conditions, but because he had to sit and type in rent rolls by hand.

Where underwriting time actually goes

The data entry layer consumes the majority of analyst time on every deal. Here is a typical breakdown for a single acquisition underwrite, from OM receipt to investment committee memo.

Task Time per deal Automatable?
Data entry from rent roll 30 to 60 min Yes
Data entry from T12 operating statement 20 to 40 min Yes
Cross-referencing OM figures 15 to 30 min Yes
Market research and comps 30 to 60 min Partially
Financial modeling and analysis 30 to 60 min No (human judgment)
Investment committee prep 15 to 30 min No (human judgment)

The first three rows, data entry and cross-referencing, total 65 to 130 minutes per deal. That is 60 to 70 percent of the total underwriting time on a typical deal. These tasks require zero judgment. They require a human to look at a PDF, find a number, and type it into a cell.

As one acquisitions VP described the pain: "The manual data linking within Excel models" is where all the time goes. Another put it more bluntly: "I have to sit and type in rent rolls." Yardi exports, in particular, are universally hated as a data source because of their inconsistent formatting.

5 approaches to scaling underwriting capacity

There are five realistic ways to increase your team's deal throughput without hiring a full-time analyst. Each has different cost, quality, and scalability tradeoffs.

1. Outsourcing to offshore analysts

Offshore analysts (typically in the Philippines or India) cost $10 to $15 per hour and can handle rent roll data entry, T12 population, and basic model setup. Many CRE teams use this approach, and it works. One acquisitions director described maintaining a "working relationship with a team of Filipinos at $10 an hour."

The tradeoffs: quality variance between analysts, time zone coordination overhead, training time on your specific model, and the need for your team to QA every output. Outsourced analysts also cannot reconcile conflicting data across documents without guidance, because that requires understanding your investment criteria.

2. Standardized templates

Building a standardized pro forma template reduces the modeling time per deal, because analysts are not rebuilding the spreadsheet from scratch each time. This is table stakes for any serious acquisition team.

The limitation: templates solve the modeling step, not the data entry step. Your analyst still needs to type the rent roll, T12, and OM figures into the template by hand. The format of models that come from brokers varies wildly, which means even a great template does not eliminate the extraction bottleneck.

3. AI document extraction tools

AI-powered document intelligence tools eliminate the data entry step entirely. You upload the OM, rent roll, and T12. The tool extracts the data, maps it into your Excel model, and returns your model populated and ready for analysis. The best tools also cite every extracted cell back to its source document and page, so you can audit any number in seconds.

The key advantage: consistent quality on every deal, instant turnaround, and no training overhead. The key consideration: you need a tool that maps into your model (not its own), handles the document types you actually receive (Yardi exports, broker OMs, hand-scanned rent rolls), and provides a real audit trail. General-purpose AI like ChatGPT cannot do this. You need a purpose-built CRE extraction tool.

4. Process optimization (tighter buy box, faster kill decisions)

Tightening your investment criteria reduces the number of deals that reach the underwriting stage. If you can kill more deals at the screening stage (before any data entry), you free up analyst time for the deals that matter.

This approach is free and effective. The risk: you may miss "cuspy" or marginal deals that would have been winners. Narrowing your buy box increases efficiency but reduces optionality. According to Deloitte's 2026 CRE Outlook, the firms generating the highest risk-adjusted returns are those with the broadest evaluated pipeline, not the tightest screening criteria.

5. Hybrid approach: AI for extraction, analysts for judgment

This is what top acquisition teams do. AI handles the extraction layer (rent rolls, T12s, OMs into your Excel model). Analysts handle the analysis layer (market assumptions, business plan, IC narrative). The analyst's job shifts from data entry to deal selection.

The hybrid model works because it preserves everything that makes your team valuable (judgment, relationships, market knowledge) while eliminating the work that does not require those skills (typing numbers from PDFs into spreadsheets). One acquisitions VP described the ideal state: "I give you my model, upload docs, get my model back exactly the way I want it, like an analyst would do."

Cost comparison: four ways to underwrite

Here is how the numbers break down across the four most common approaches. The cost per deal is what matters, because it determines your breakeven on scaling deal flow.

Approach Monthly cost Deals/month Cost/deal Quality control
Junior analyst ($65K/yr) $5,400 15 to 20 $270 to $360 High
Offshore team ($10/hr) $1,600 15 to 20 $80 to $107 Variable
AI extraction (Primer) Flat fee/mo Unlimited Low (flat fee) Consistent, cited
DIY ChatGPT ($25/mo) $25 5 to 10 $2.50 to $5 Low (no audit trail)

The DIY ChatGPT approach looks cheapest per deal, but it breaks down at volume. ChatGPT cannot reconcile conflicting numbers across a rent roll, T12, and OM. It cannot map into your specific Excel template persistently. And it produces no audit trail linking outputs to source pages, which means your analyst still verifies every number manually.

Calculate your team's data entry cost

Use this formula to estimate what you spend today on the extraction step alone.

[Analysts] x [Deals/week] x [Hours/deal for data entry]
x $50/hr loaded cost x 52 weeks
= Annual cost of manual data entry

A two-analyst team reviewing 10 deals per week, spending 1.5 hours on data entry per deal, costs approximately $78,000 per year in analyst time on data entry alone.

What the best teams do differently

The best acquisition teams do not save time per deal. They see more deals. The goal is not to underwrite each deal 20 minutes faster. The goal is to evaluate 100 percent of your pipeline instead of 40 percent, so you are selecting winners from the full opportunity set.

One storage operator started putting LOIs out on deals they would have triaged out before. Not because the deals looked better on paper, but because they could finally afford to open the OM, build a quick model, and make an informed decision. Several of those "skip pile" deals turned out to be strong acquisitions.

Another acquisitions VP framed it this way: "We want to look at every deal as much as possible... look at the art of each deal rather than typing in an Excel sheet." The insight is simple. When you remove the data entry cost, the calculus on which deals to evaluate changes completely. Marginal deals get a fair look. And some of them win.

This is the critical point that NAA operational benchmarks confirm: institutional buyers are capital constrained, not deal constrained. They close a fixed number of deals per year. The value is not closing more deals. It is closing better deals, picking the best opportunities from a larger evaluated pipeline instead of settling for "good enough" from a narrow one.

The dead deal tax: the hidden cost nobody tracks

Roughly 80 percent of deals that cross your desk will be killed. That is normal. The problem is that each one still requires analyst time before you make the kill decision.

Every dead deal costs 20 to 30 minutes of analyst time: opening the OM, skimming the rent roll, checking the location, confirming it does not fit your buy box. At 10 to 15 new OMs per week, that is 8 to 12 deals that consume 20 to 30 minutes each before dying. The total: 4 to 6 hours per week on deals that never advance past initial screening.

Dead deal tax: weekly cost

80%
of deals touched will be killed before IC
20-30 min
analyst time per dead deal before the kill decision
4-6 hrs
per week spent on deals that die (at 10-15 OMs/week)

As one platform CEO managing $2.4 billion in AUM described it: "The operational cost isn't in the 20% that advance. It's in the 80% you have to touch before killing." Reducing the kill-decision time from 20 to 30 minutes down to 5 to 10 minutes reclaims 2 to 3 hours per week. That is 100 to 150 hours per year returned to analysis, sourcing, and deal selection.

There is also a psychological cost. When killing a deal requires 30 minutes of work, teams develop sunk cost bias. They rationalize advancing weak deals because "we've already invested the time." AI that provides clear, dispassionate data on every deal helps overcome this bias by making the kill decision faster and easier to justify.

How to get started: 3 concrete steps

You do not need to overhaul your process overnight. Start with a one-week audit and build from there.

1

Audit your current process for one week

Track time per deal across your team. Break it into extraction (typing data into your model), analysis (assumptions, market research, judgment calls), and admin (formatting, IC prep, CRM updates). Most teams are surprised by how much falls in the extraction bucket.

2

Identify the extraction bottleneck

If more than 50 percent of your underwriting time is data entry, automation has the highest ROI of any change you can make. If most of your time is in analysis and market research, your bottleneck is different and automation will not help as much.

3

Test with a real deal

Use your own documents, your own model, your own workflow. Any tool worth using should be able to handle a recent deal you have already underwritten, so you can compare outputs. If the tool cannot work with your specific Excel template and your specific document types, it will not solve the problem. See our multifamily underwriting guide for a framework on what to test.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many deals should a CRE analyst be able to underwrite per month?

A single CRE analyst typically underwrites 15 to 20 deals per month when working manually, including data entry, financial modeling, and IC prep. Teams that automate the data extraction step report analyst throughput of 40 to 60 deals per month, because the analyst spends time on analysis rather than typing rent rolls into Excel.

What is the biggest bottleneck in CRE underwriting?

Data entry. Most acquisition teams spend 60 to 70 percent of their underwriting time on manual data extraction: typing rent rolls, T12 operating statements, and offering memorandum figures into Excel models. Only 30 to 40 percent of time goes toward actual analysis, market research, and investment judgment. Eliminating the extraction step is the highest-leverage change a team can make.

How much does it cost to underwrite a commercial real estate deal?

The cost per deal depends on the approach. A junior analyst earning $65,000 per year who underwrites 15 to 20 deals per month has a fully loaded cost of $270 to $360 per deal. Offshore analysts at $10 to $15 per hour cost approximately $80 to $107 per deal. AI document extraction tools like Primer charge a flat monthly fee regardless of deal volume, with consistent quality and a full audit trail.

Can AI replace a CRE analyst?

No. AI handles the data extraction and model population steps that consume analyst time, but analysts still make the judgment calls: market assumptions, capital structure, business plan feasibility, and go or no-go decisions. The best framing is that AI handles data entry so analysts can focus on the analysis and deal selection that actually drives returns.

What is the dead deal tax in commercial real estate?

The dead deal tax refers to the analyst time spent evaluating deals that will ultimately be killed. Roughly 80 percent of deals that cross an acquisition team's desk are rejected, but each one still requires 20 to 30 minutes of analyst time before the kill decision. At 10 to 15 new OMs per week, that adds up to 4 to 6 hours per week spent on deals that never advance.

How do top acquisition teams evaluate more deals without hiring?

The highest-performing acquisition teams use a hybrid approach: AI-powered document extraction handles the data entry layer (rent rolls, T12s, OMs into their Excel model), while analysts focus exclusively on analysis, market judgment, and deal selection. This lets existing team members evaluate 2 to 3 times more deals without adding headcount, because the bottleneck shifts from typing to thinking.

Stop typing data from PDFs

Primer extracts from the OM, rent roll, and T12, maps results into your Excel model, and cites every number to its source. Your analysts focus on analysis, not data entry.

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